See penning on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "penning",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present participle and gerund of pen"
],
"id": "en-penning-en-verb-eEioTxJI",
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛnɪŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɪnɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"pin-pen-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "pinning (pin–pen merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛnɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "penning"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "penning (plural pennings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "72 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the idle pennings of a poetic daydreamer"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Writing; literary composition."
],
"id": "en-penning-en-noun-RjwaNyYM",
"links": [
[
"Writing",
"writing"
],
[
"literary",
"literary"
],
[
"composition",
"composition"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛnɪŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɪnɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"pin-pen-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "pinning (pin–pen merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛnɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "penning"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "penningar"
},
"expansion": "penning (plural pennings or penningar)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An old currency unit, the Swedish penning."
],
"id": "en-penning-en-noun-IrIKL1ye",
"links": [
[
"currency",
"currency"
],
[
"unit",
"unit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) An old currency unit, the Swedish penning."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛnɪŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɪnɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"pin-pen-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "pinning (pin–pen merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛnɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "penning"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"pænning",
"pænning#Old_Danish"
],
[
"peningr",
"peningr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"penning",
"penning#Old_Saxon"
],
[
"penning",
"penning#Old_English"
],
[
"peniġ",
"penig#Old_English"
],
[
"*panningaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/panningaz"
],
[
"penny",
"penny#English"
],
[
"Pfennig",
"Pfennig#German"
],
[
"penge",
"penge#Danish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gmq-oda",
"3": "pænning"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish pænning",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "peningr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse peningr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "osx",
"3": "penning"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon penning",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ang",
"3": "penning"
},
"expansion": "Old English penning",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*panningaz",
"4": "",
"5": "coin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *panningaz (“coin”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "penny"
},
"expansion": "English penny",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Pfennig"
},
"expansion": "German Pfennig",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Danish pænning, Old Norse peningr, borrowed from Old Saxon penning or Old English penning, peniġ, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz (“coin”). Cognate with English penny and German Pfennig.\nThis word is the source of the common word for \"money\" in modern Scandinavian, see penge.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penningen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penninge",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penninge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennings",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penninges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "penninge",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "penningen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"checkredlinks": "1",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "penning c (singular definite penningen, plural indefinite penninge)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"expansion": "penning c (singular definite penningen, plural indefinite penninge)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"name": "da-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "penningenes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "penninges",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "penningens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "pennings",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "penningene",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "penninge",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "penningen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "penning"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"coin or currency in use in Denmark until 1602"
],
"id": "en-penning-da-noun-UBBbFguc",
"links": [
[
"coin",
"coin"
],
[
"currency",
"currency"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) coin or currency in use in Denmark until 1602"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʰɛneŋ]"
}
],
"word": "penning"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "erepenning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gedenkpenning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "judaspenning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "penningkruid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "penningmeester"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Schimmelpenninck"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "steekpenning"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "penning"
},
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "péning"
},
{
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"lang_code": "pap",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "penning"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"penninc",
"penninc#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"pennink",
"pennink#Old_Dutch"
],
[
"*panningaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/panningaz"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "dum:penninc<ety:inh<odt:pennink<ety:inh<gem-pro:*panningaz>>>>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Pre-Greek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qsb-grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πᾰτᾰ́νη\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"patina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"panna\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pannus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-n̥kʷo-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-īnaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-gaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ingaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*panningaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Dutch\", \"term\" : \"pennink\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"odt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"penninc\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Dutch\", \"term\" : \"penning\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"nl\" }\" data-lang=\"nl\" data-title=\"penning\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "penninc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch penninc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "pennink"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch pennink",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*panningaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *panningaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch penninc, from Old Dutch pennink, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penningen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penninkje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "penning m (plural penningen, diminutive penninkje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pen",
"ning"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "77 13 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 9 2 2 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 20 5 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -ing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 13 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 14 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a small coin, usually made of silver but later also of gold; penny"
],
"id": "en-penning-nl-noun-b33F31NX",
"links": [
[
"coin",
"coin"
],
[
"silver",
"silver"
],
[
"gold",
"gold"
],
[
"penny",
"penny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) a small coin, usually made of silver but later also of gold; penny"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a medal or commemoration coin"
],
"id": "en-penning-nl-noun-Ztn9Z7Tp",
"links": [
[
"medal",
"medal"
],
[
"commemoration",
"commemoration"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"money, cash"
],
"id": "en-penning-nl-noun-R6UWTbwf",
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"cash",
"cash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) money, cash"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"coin"
],
"id": "en-penning-nl-noun-s6GYS6Cx",
"links": [
[
"coin",
"coin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) coin"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛ.nɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-penning.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Nl-penning.ogg/Nl-penning.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Nl-penning.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛnɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "penning"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"pennen",
"pennen#Dutch"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Dutch"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pennen",
"3": "ing"
},
"expansion": "pennen + -ing",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pennen + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penningen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "penning f (plural penningen, no diminutive)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pen",
"ning"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "nl:Chess",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pin, pinning"
],
"id": "en-penning-nl-noun-i7xlnLHH",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"pin",
"pin"
],
[
"pinning",
"pinning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) pin, pinning"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"no-diminutive"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛ.nɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-penning.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Nl-penning.ogg/Nl-penning.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Nl-penning.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛnɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "penning"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "peny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "peni"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "pene"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "peney"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"Late Middle English"
],
"word": "peyne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "pani"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"especially East Saxon"
],
"word": "pany"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"tags": [
"Ormulum"
],
"word": "peninnꟑ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "pingin"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "ping"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "peighinn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pinginn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "pingin"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "ping"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "peighinn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "peinginn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "pingin"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "ping"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "peighinn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pengind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "pingin"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "ping"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "peighinn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"possibly from Old Norse"
],
"word": "pingind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "penique"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*panning",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/panning"
],
[
"*panningaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/panningaz"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "gmw-pro:*panning"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Pre-Greek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qsb-grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πᾰτᾰ́νη\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"patina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"panna\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pannus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-n̥kʷo-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-īnaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-gaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ingaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*panningaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*panning\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"penning\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }\" data-lang=\"ang\" data-title=\"penning\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*panning"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *panning",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*panningaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *panningaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *panning, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penninges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penninga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penninge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pending",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pæning",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pening",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pæniġ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "peniġ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "penning m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "penning"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "penning",
"2": "penningas",
"3": "penning",
"4": "penningas",
"5": "penninges",
"6": "penninga",
"7": "penninge",
"8": "penningum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Money",
"orig": "ang:Money",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "ang:Units of measure",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 11 2 1 1 8 8 2 1 42 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 1 1 1 10 6 1 1 39 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The worth of an ox's horn is ten pennies.",
"text": "Laws of King Ine\nOxan horn bið X pæninga weorð.",
"translation": "The worth of an ox's horn is ten pennies.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"penny"
],
"id": "en-penning-ang-noun-A9BPf868",
"links": [
[
"penny",
"penny"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpen.ninɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpen.niŋɡ]"
}
],
"word": "penning"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "blodspenning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dagpenning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "föräldrapenning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "handpenning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningbegär"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningbelopp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penninggäldenär"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penninglån"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningplacering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningpolitik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningpolitisk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningpung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningstark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningstinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningsumma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningtvätt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningvälde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penningvärde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "silverpenning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sjukpenning"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "penninki"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "penni"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"penningr",
"penningr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"*panningaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/panningaz"
],
[
"penny",
"penny#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "penningr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse penningr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*panningaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *panningaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "penny"
},
"expansion": "English penny",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse penningr, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz. Cognate with English penny.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennings",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningars",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningarna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningarnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"g4": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "penning c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "penning c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a coin, a penny"
],
"id": "en-penning-sv-noun-qetWKf6h",
"links": [
[
"coin",
"coin"
],
[
"penny",
"penny"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"money, cash"
],
"id": "en-penning-sv-noun-R6UWTbwf",
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"cash",
"cash"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "peng"
}
],
"word": "penning"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"pænning",
"pænning#Old_Danish"
],
[
"peningr",
"peningr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"penning",
"penning#Old_Saxon"
],
[
"penning",
"penning#Old_English"
],
[
"peniġ",
"penig#Old_English"
],
[
"*panningaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/panningaz"
],
[
"penny",
"penny#English"
],
[
"Pfennig",
"Pfennig#German"
],
[
"penge",
"penge#Danish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gmq-oda",
"3": "pænning"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish pænning",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "peningr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse peningr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "osx",
"3": "penning"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon penning",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ang",
"3": "penning"
},
"expansion": "Old English penning",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*panningaz",
"4": "",
"5": "coin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *panningaz (“coin”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "penny"
},
"expansion": "English penny",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Pfennig"
},
"expansion": "German Pfennig",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Danish pænning, Old Norse peningr, borrowed from Old Saxon penning or Old English penning, peniġ, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz (“coin”). Cognate with English penny and German Pfennig.\nThis word is the source of the common word for \"money\" in modern Scandinavian, see penge.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penningen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penninge",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penninge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennings",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penninges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "penninge",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "penningen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"checkredlinks": "1",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "penning c (singular definite penningen, plural indefinite penninge)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"expansion": "penning c (singular definite penningen, plural indefinite penninge)",
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}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"name": "da-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
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"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "penninges",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "penningens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "pennings",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "penningene",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "penninge",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "penningen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "penning"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish common-gender nouns",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Old Danish",
"Danish terms derived from Old English",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Danish terms inherited from Old Danish",
"Danish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Danish terms with historical senses",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"coin or currency in use in Denmark until 1602"
],
"links": [
[
"coin",
"coin"
],
[
"currency",
"currency"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) coin or currency in use in Denmark until 1602"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʰɛneŋ]"
}
],
"word": "penning"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Dutch terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -ing",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɛnɪŋ"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "erepenning"
},
{
"word": "gedenkpenning"
},
{
"word": "judaspenning"
},
{
"word": "penningkruid"
},
{
"word": "penningmeester"
},
{
"word": "Schimmelpenninck"
},
{
"word": "steekpenning"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "penning"
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{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "péning"
},
{
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"lang_code": "pap",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "penning"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"penninc",
"penninc#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"pennink",
"pennink#Old_Dutch"
],
[
"*panningaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/panningaz"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
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{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "dum:penninc<ety:inh<odt:pennink<ety:inh<gem-pro:*panningaz>>>>"
},
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"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "penninc"
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"expansion": "Middle Dutch penninc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "pennink"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*panningaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *panningaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch penninc, from Old Dutch pennink, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penningen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penninkje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
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"expansion": "penning m (plural penningen, diminutive penninkje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
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{
"parts": [
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"ning"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
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{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with historical senses"
],
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"a small coin, usually made of silver but later also of gold; penny"
],
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[
"coin",
"coin"
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[
"silver",
"silver"
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[
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"gold"
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[
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"penny"
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],
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"(historical) a small coin, usually made of silver but later also of gold; penny"
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"masculine"
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},
{
"glosses": [
"a medal or commemoration coin"
],
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[
"medal",
"medal"
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[
"commemoration",
"commemoration"
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],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"money, cash"
],
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"cash",
"cash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) money, cash"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
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},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"coin"
],
"links": [
[
"coin",
"coin"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) coin"
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],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛ.nɪŋ/"
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{
"audio": "Nl-penning.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Nl-penning.ogg"
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{
"rhymes": "-ɛnɪŋ"
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],
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}
{
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"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
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"Pages with entries",
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],
"etymology_links": [
[
"pennen",
"pennen#Dutch"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Dutch"
]
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pennen",
"3": "ing"
},
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"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pennen + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penningen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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}
],
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{
"parts": [
"pen",
"ning"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
"nl:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"pin, pinning"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"pin",
"pin"
],
[
"pinning",
"pinning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) pin, pinning"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"no-diminutive"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛ.nɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-penning.ogg",
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{
"rhymes": "-ɛnɪŋ"
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{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"English verb forms",
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"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛnɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ɛnɪŋ/2 syllables"
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"etymology_number": "1",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "penning",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present participle and gerund of pen"
],
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛnɪŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɪnɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"pin-pen-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "pinning (pin–pen merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛnɪŋ"
}
],
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}
{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Pages with entries",
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"etymology_number": "1",
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{
"form": "pennings",
"tags": [
"plural"
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}
],
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{
"args": {},
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"name": "en-noun"
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "the idle pennings of a poetic daydreamer"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Writing; literary composition."
],
"links": [
[
"Writing",
"writing"
],
[
"literary",
"literary"
],
[
"composition",
"composition"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛnɪŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɪnɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"pin-pen-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "pinning (pin–pen merger)"
},
{
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],
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}
{
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"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛnɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ɛnɪŋ/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "penningar"
},
"expansion": "penning (plural pennings or penningar)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An old currency unit, the Swedish penning."
],
"links": [
[
"currency",
"currency"
],
[
"unit",
"unit"
]
],
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"(historical) An old currency unit, the Swedish penning."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛnɪŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɪnɪŋ/",
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"pin-pen-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "pinning (pin–pen merger)"
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{
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}
],
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}
{
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"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
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"word": "penny"
}
],
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{
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{
"lang": "English",
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"word": "penny"
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{
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{
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],
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}
],
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},
{
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{
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"word": "penny"
},
{
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{
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"word": "penny"
}
],
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}
],
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{
"descendants": [
{
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{
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{
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],
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"Late Middle English"
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "pani"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"especially East Saxon"
],
"word": "pany"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "penny"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "penny"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"tags": [
"Ormulum"
],
"word": "peninnꟑ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "pingin"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "ping"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "peighinn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pinginn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "pingin"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "ping"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "peighinn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "peinginn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "pingin"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "ping"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "peighinn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pengind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "pingin"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "ping"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "peighinn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"possibly from Old Norse"
],
"word": "pingind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "penique"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*panning",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/panning"
],
[
"*panningaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/panningaz"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "gmw-pro:*panning"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Pre-Greek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qsb-grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πᾰτᾰ́νη\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"patina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"panna\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pannus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-n̥kʷo-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-īnaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-gaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ingaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*panningaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*panning\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"penning\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }\" data-lang=\"ang\" data-title=\"penning\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*panning"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *panning",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*panningaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *panningaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *panning, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penninges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penninga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penninge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pending",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pæning",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pening",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pæniġ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "peniġ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "penning m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "penning"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "penning",
"2": "penningas",
"3": "penning",
"4": "penningas",
"5": "penninges",
"6": "penninga",
"7": "penninge",
"8": "penningum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with etymon",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Old English terms derived from Latin",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"ang:Money",
"ang:Units of measure"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The worth of an ox's horn is ten pennies.",
"text": "Laws of King Ine\nOxan horn bið X pæninga weorð.",
"translation": "The worth of an ox's horn is ten pennies.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"penny"
],
"links": [
[
"penny",
"penny"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpen.ninɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpen.niŋɡ]"
}
],
"word": "penning"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "blodspenning"
},
{
"word": "dagpenning"
},
{
"word": "föräldrapenning"
},
{
"word": "handpenning"
},
{
"word": "penningbegär"
},
{
"word": "penningbelopp"
},
{
"word": "penninggäldenär"
},
{
"word": "penninglån"
},
{
"word": "penningplacering"
},
{
"word": "penningpolitik"
},
{
"word": "penningpolitisk"
},
{
"word": "penningpung"
},
{
"word": "penningstark"
},
{
"word": "penningstinn"
},
{
"word": "penningsumma"
},
{
"word": "penningtvätt"
},
{
"word": "penningvälde"
},
{
"word": "penningvärde"
},
{
"word": "silverpenning"
},
{
"word": "sjukpenning"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "penninki"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "penni"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"penningr",
"penningr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"*panningaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/panningaz"
],
[
"penny",
"penny#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "penningr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse penningr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*panningaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *panningaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "penny"
},
"expansion": "English penny",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse penningr, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz. Cognate with English penny.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penning",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennings",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penningar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningars",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningarna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penningarnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"g4": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "penning c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "penning c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a coin, a penny"
],
"links": [
[
"coin",
"coin"
],
[
"penny",
"penny"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"money, cash"
],
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"cash",
"cash"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "peng"
}
],
"word": "penning"
}
Download raw JSONL data for penning meaning in All languages combined (28.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.